The Pteridophytes, Gymnosperms, and Paleobotany practical manual is a comprehensive and invaluable resource specifically designed for undergraduate and postgraduate students seeking practical knowledge and hands-on experience in the study of these intriguing plant groups. Covering an extensive range of topics, this manual delves into the morphology, anatomy, reproduction, and evolutionary significance of pteridophytes, gymnosperms, and paleobotany. The primary objective of this manual is to provide students with immersive learning experiences that complement their theoretical studies of these plant groups. It offers the unique opportunity to observe and analyze the distinctive features of fern gametophytes and sporophytes, explore the morphology of gymnosperms, and examine fossil specimens. By engaging with this manual, students will not only develop essential skills in identification, experimentation, and interpretation, but also cultivate a deeper understanding of the captivating realms of pteridophytes, gymnosperms, and paleobotany. To facilitate comprehension, the manual is accompanied by diagrams and sketches illustrating the prepared samples based on student observations. Starting with a clear classification and highlighting the salient features of various groups of cryptogamic plants,