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"The Soul of Man Under Socialism" is an 1891 essay by Oscar Wilde in which he expounds a libertarian socialist worldview and a critique of charity. The writing of "The Soul of Man" followed Wilde's conversion to anarchist philosophy, following his reading of the works of Peter Kropotkin.
In "The Soul of Man" Wilde argues that, under capitalism, "the majority of people spoil their lives by an unhealthy and exaggerated altruism are forced, indeed, so to spoil them": instead of realising their true talents, they waste their time solving the social problems caused by capitalism, without taking their common cause away. Thus, caring! people "seriously and very sentimentally set themselves to the task of remedying the evils that they see in poverty, but their remedies do not cure the disease: they merely prolongit" because, as Wilde putsit, "the proper aim is to try and reconstruct society on such a basis that poverty will be impossible."
Oscar Wilde
Born in Dublin in 1854, Oscar Wilde was educated at home till the age of nine. He attended the Portora Royal School, Enniskillen from 1864 to 1871. In 1874, he graduated from Trinity College, Dublin. Wilde's first play, Vera: or the Nihilists, did not meet much success. He refined his ideas about art, its purpose and supremacy, and incorporated themes of decadence, duplicity, and beauty into his only novel, The Picture of Dorian Gray (1890). Continuing his interest in theatre he wrote Salome, a play in one act, in 1891. Wilde became one of the most successful playwrights of the late Victorian London after producing four comedies Lady Windermere's Fan, A Woman of No Importance, An Ideal Husband, and The Importance of Being Earnest. First performed in 1895 in collaboration with George Alexander at St. James's Theater, London, The Importance of Being Earnest was considered Wilde's masterpiece and continues to remain his most popular play. The Ballad of Reading Gaol, published in 1898, was his last work.
